a) \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(1\right)\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\left(2\right)\\ 2Al+2NaOH+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaAlO_2+3H_2\)

Cho hỗn hợp tác dụng với NaOH, chất rắn không tan là Fe

=> m_Fe= 1,12 (g) \(\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=n_{Fe}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\Sigma n_{H_2}-n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=0,065-0,02=0,045\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,03.27=0,81\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=41,97\%,\%m_{Fe}=58,03\%\)

b) \(m_{FeCl_2}=0,02.127=2,54\left(g\right)\\ m_{AlCl_3}=0,03.133,5=4,005\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(2A1+2NAOH+2H_2O-2NaA10_2+H_2O\)

\(AI_2O_3=2NaOH+2NaOHA10_2+H_2O\)

\(n_{AI}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,6=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{AI}=27.0,4=10,8\left(gam\right);mAI_2O_3=31,2-10,8=20,4\left(gam\right)\)

Biết làm mỗi câu A

 Chỉ Có Al tác dụng với HCl sp tạo ra khí H₂

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13.44}{22.4}=0.6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
   0.4           \(\leftarrow\)                           0.6  (mol)

\(Al_2O_3+HCl\rightarrow AlCl_3+H_2O\)

n_Al=\(\dfrac{0.6\cdot2}{3}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)

m_Al=0.4*27=10.8(g)

=)) \(m_{Al_2O_3}=31.2-10.8=20.4\left(g\right)\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=\dfrac{10.8}{31.2}\cdot100=34.62\%\\\%Al_2O_3=\dfrac{20.4}{31.2}\cdot100=65.38\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) Gọi $n_{Al} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 27a + 56b = 33,4(1)$

$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{17,92}{22,4} = 0,8(2)$

Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,2 ; b = 0,5

$\%m_{Al} = \dfrac{0,2.27}{33,4}.100\% = 16,17\%$
$\%m_{Fe} = 100\% - 16,17\% = 83,83\%$

b) $n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 1,6(mol)$

c) $m_{muối} = m_{hh} + m_{HCl} - m_{H_2} = 33,4 + 1,6.36,5 - 0,8.2 = 90,2(gam)$

a) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{0,4958}{24,79}=0,02\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=0,6.1=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)

            0,02<------0,04<----0,02<-----0,02

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(p\text{ư}\right)}< n_{HCl\left(b\text{đ}\right)}\left(0,04< 0,6\right)\Rightarrow HCl\) dư, \(CaCO_3\) tan hết

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CaCO_3}=0,02.100=2\left(g\right)\\m_{CaSO_4}=5-2=3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) dd sau phản ứng có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=0,6-0,04=0,56\left(mol\right)\\n_{CaCl_2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(HCl\left(d\text{ư}\right)\right)}=\dfrac{0,56}{0,6}=\dfrac{14}{15}M\\C_{M\left(CaCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,6}=\dfrac{1}{30}M\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\) (*)

Phương trình hóa học

Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl₂ + H₂ (**)

MgO + 2HCl ---> MgCl₂ + H₂O (***)

b) Từ (*) và (**) ta có \(n_{Mg}=0,15\Leftrightarrow m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=10-3,6=6,4\left(g\right)\)

 \(\%Mg=\dfrac{3,6}{10}.100\%=36\%\)

\(\%MgO=\dfrac{6,4}{10}.100\%=64\%\)

c) Xét phản ứng (**) ta có \(m_{MgO}=6,4\left(g\right)\Leftrightarrow n_{MgO}=n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,16\left(mol\right)\) (1) 

\(\Leftrightarrow n_{HCl}=0,32\left(mol\right)\)

Tương tự có số mol HCl trong phản ứng (*) là 0,3 mol

\(C_M=\dfrac{0,32+0,3}{0,2}=3,1\left(M\right)\)

d) Từ (1) ; (*) ; (**) ta có : \(n_{MgCl_2}=0,15+0,16=0,31\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{MgCl_2}=0,31.95=29,45\left(g\right)\)

e) \(C_M=\dfrac{0,31}{0,2}=1,55\left(M\right)\)